
New assessments from the World Bank, Brookings, UNECA and the African Development Bank show foundational digital ID systems in Ethiopia, Nigeria and Rwanda are driving banking access, cutting eKYC costs by 90 percent and remittance fees from nine percent to under three percent. 3 million daily verifications, while biometric ID is linked directly to bank accounts, credit and trade under the AfCFTA Digital Trade Protocol. 4 billion people increasingly depend on enrollment in a centrally administered identity system.